CENTRAL–LOCAL FISCAL RELATIONS IN TURKEY:
A TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF FISCAL EQUALIZATION
2. The Importance of Fiscal Equalization
15
3. The Objective of the Study
19
6. Results and Findings
29
DETERMINANTS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETARY GRANTS IN TURKEY
2. Explaining Intergovernmental Grants
36
2.1. Efficiency and Equalization Model (EEM)
37
2.2. The Public Choice Approach (PCA)
37
3. The Political Economic Model of Grants to Local Governments
39
4. Econometric Issues and Data
47
5. Estimation Results in the Turkish Case
49
AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF LOCAL FISCAL RESPONSE TO REVENUE SHARING IN TURKEY
1. The Importance of Analyzing Local Fiscal Response
55
2. Local Revenue Response to Revenue Sharing
56
2.1 Methods for Examining Revenue Effort
57
2.2 The Findings on Revenue Effort
59
3. Local Expenditure Response to Revenue Sharing
65
3.1. The Impact of Revenue Sharing on Local Expenditures (Cross–Section Analysis)
65
3.2. The Impact of Revenue Sharing on Local Expenditures (Time–Series and Panel Data Analyses)
69
4. Summary and Concluding Remarks
77
EFFECTS OF GRANTS FROM CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET: THE CASE OF TURKISH MUNICIPALITIES
2. An Analysis of Municipal Expenditure in Turkey
80
3. Econometric Specification
86
3.1. Dynamic Panel Estimation
86
3.2. Measurement of Variables and Data Sources
90
4. Estimates of the Simple Dynamic Model
91
5. The Error Correction Mechanism
97
THE IMPACT OF TAX APPORTIONMENT ON FISCAL EQUALIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF TURKISH METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITIES
2. Theory of Fiscal Equalization and Tax Apportionment
104
2.1. To Correct Vertical Fiscal Imbalance
104
2.2. To Correct Horizontal Fiscal Imbalance
105
4. General Remarks and Conclusion
115
DOES FLYPAPER EFFECT EXIST? NEW EVIDENCE FROM TURKİSH MUNICIPALITIES
1.2. The Bureaucratic Model
120
3. Local Governments in Turkey
123
3.2. Central Government Transfers
125
4. Data, Model Specification and Estimation
125
INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS AND THE FLYPAPER EFFECT IN TURKEY
1. Theoretical and Empirical Studies on the Flypaper Effect
135
3. The Findings and Results
140
4. Concluding Remarks
145
THE SURGE IMPACT OF THE FLYPAPER AND STIMULATION/SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS ON LOCAL TAX EFFORT IN TURKEY
2. Theoretical Background
148
4. The Findings and Results
151
5. Concluding Remarks
154
FISCAL DECENTRALISATION, THE SIZE OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY
2. The Turkish Experience of Fiscal Decentralisation
155
3. Fiscal Decentralisation and the Size of The Public Sector
157
4. An Economic Analysis of The Relationship Between Fiscal Decentralisation and the Size of The Public Sector
159
4.2. Data, Sources, and Features of the Series
161
4.3. Testing the Leviathan Hypothesis: Empirical Findings
163
5. An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Fiscal Decentralisation and Economic Growth
169
5.1. Cross–Section Data Analysis: Model and Findings
170
5.2. Time–Series Data Analysis: Model and Findings
170
6. Concluding Remarks
175